Typography - Task 3: Type Design & Communication

11/10/2022 - 18/11/2022 (Week 07  - Week 12)

Ahmad Firas Bin Ahmad Fisal (0345121)

Typography | Bachelor of Design (Hons) in Creative Media | Taylor's University 

Task 3: Type Design & Communication



LECTURES

Lectures 1 to 6 are documented in;
Task 1: Exercise 1 - Type Expression & Exercise 2 - Text Formatting

Task 3:

1. We are required to make visual research on different typeface designs to find inspiration for creating our own.
2. 5 Sketches are needed with different variations and options.
3. Digitalisation of the selected sketches option in Adobe Illustrator before importing it to Fontlab for further digitalising.

We have to ensure that our typeface design are following the basic principles of Typography such as;
- Ascender Height
- Cap Height
- Median Line
- Base Line
- Descender Line

Adobe Illustrator (AI) Artboard Settings:
- 1000 pt x 1000 pt

Further AI Instructions:
- X-Height of the design must be at 500 pt x 500 pt created with the rectangle tool.



INSTRUCTIONS


<iframe src="https://drive.google.com/file/d/1n1WK-djOv0t0zLSGytadPiYsgK0tVTex/preview" width="640" height="480" allow="autoplay"></iframe>

For this task we are required to design the letters: (a e t k g r i y m p n ! # , .)
The main purpose of this project is for us to develop the skills to be aware of the principles of typography and apply them to our own creations. It is measured through the subtlety, character, presence, legibility and readability of the designed letterforms.
Softwares that will be utilised are Adobe Illustrator and FontLab8


Task 3: Type Design & Communication

1. Visual Research

Apart from lecture videos, this is also where I read about the anatomy that exists in Typography. We are required to adhere to these guidelines such as the baseline, median line, x-space, ascender line, descender line, etc. When these principles are followed, the typeface design created would essentially be a great one. Also, it is advised that to intentionally break the rules of typography, we first need to master the basic principles and rules.

Figure 1.1 - Typographic Anatomy by Chavelli Tsui



Typeface Research #1: Carolingian Miniscule

During the times of Emperor Charlemagne, the government became more organised and Romanesque architecture and writing styles reemerged through Catholic Church. This typeface was used for legal and literary works in the European empire. This minuscule was developed from uncials and half-uncials, the typical roman characteristics of rounded, open and clear forms, uniformity and legibility were exploited. Each letter became an independent form because ligatures and abbreviations were avoided entirely.

From the letter 'a', I was inspired by the axis that can be seen from the whole construction of the particular letter and also the counter space that is created because of that. This inspires my Sketch #2

Figure 1.2 - Carolingian Miniscule



Typeface Research #2: Cursive Script (Lowercase)

This type of handwritten calligraphy is often associated when it comes to Brush Script, Particular thing that was researched in this particular typeface was the contrast in strokes and also the consistency between the letterforms and how it was reached.

Figure 1.3 - Cursive Script



Typeface Research #3: LHF Coffee Shop Fancy

A licensed typeface design by Dave Correll. This made me dive deeper into how personalisation is created after abiding by the principles of Typography. Because without following the principles, even with personalisation done to the letterforms, there will be an obvious presence of inconsistencies that will not make the whole design cohesive.

Figure 1.4 - LHF Coffee Shop by Dave Correll



2. Sketches

For this assignment, I've decided to organise my checkpoints into place and have personal deadlines for each progress. Firstly, I decided to use Procreate as my main software of choice to sketch out letterforms using multiple brushes that are sensitive to pressure and some that are not. This ensures that I have the natural feeling of writing it down on paper. 

The other reason that I used the sensitive brushes is to ensure that I have a grasp of the knowledge of contrast in Typography. There're sets of rules to follow when drawing basic letterforms, there're specific strokes in a letter that requires it to be thicker or thinner than each other. While the contrast between strokes occurs naturally, studying the technicals of it requires you to be aware of how it is able to happen naturally.

Figure 1.5 - Typeface Design (Sketches), Week 9 (25/10/2022) 



3. Digitization

By following the demo video provided by our lecturer, we are required to create the typographic grids and guides before we start our process of digitalising our sketches. By typing out the letters 'Tyd' using the default Myriad Pro font, we then fit the x-height between the Median and Baseline grid in a 500 pt x 500 pt box. The letters helped us create the other lines such as Ascender, Cap Height, and the Descender line.

Figure 1.6 - Guides Creation, Week 9 (25/10/2022)



The first letter I constructed was the letter 'a'. It was the letter that acts as a reference for the creation of other letterforms. The axis angle, the width of the stroke, the counter space, etc. I used the width of the stroke and duplicate it side by side by using the rectangle tool to determine these characteristics so that the size will be equally distributed. A mixture of Pen Tool, Direct Selection Tool, and Curvature Tool is mainly used for most of the letters.

- Determination of the stroke width
- Determination of the counter space width
- Determination of the axis angle

Figure 1.7 - Construction of the letter 'a', Week 9 (25/10/2022)


Figure 1.8 - Construction of the letter 'e', Week 9 (25/10/2022)


Figure 1.9 - Construction of the letter 't', Week 9 (25/10/2022)


Figure 2.0 - Parts of the Digitalised Fonts with Guides, Week 9 (25/10/2022)


Measurements (Origin: Baseline)

Ascender: 732
Cap Height: 694
Median (X-Height): 500
Baseline: 0
Descender: -229

This is the completed letterforms in a baseline grid format. However, after the feedback session, It was recommended that I reworked the punctuation and also smoothen out the edges of some of the other letters. Particularly, the vertical strokes of the hashtag to be thinner, commas, and period.

Figure 2.1 [OLD] Letterforms in Baseline Grid (Version 1: Adobe Illustrator), Week 10 (01/11/2022)


Figures 2.2 and 2.3 show the amendments made to these punctuations adhering to the suggestion made by our lecturer. 

Figure 2.2 - [OLD] Hashtag, Week 10 (01/11/2022)

Figure 2.3 [OLD] Comma and Period, Week 10 (01/11/2022)


Finally, these are the version that I'm satisfied with more appropriate punctuation sizes

Figure 2.4 - [NEW] Letterforms in Baseline Grid (Version 2: Adobe Illustrator), Week 10 (01/11/2022)



3. Digitalisation: FontLab 8

We were required to watch the demo video provided to learn how to develop and export our finalised typeface design by using the software. Individual kernings were also made for each letter in the metrics tab. We are also required to fill in the necessary information in the font info settings as taught in the demo video.  

Figure 2.5 - Kerning the letterforms (Version 2: FontLab8), Week 11 (08/11/2022)

Figure 2.6 - Kerning Testing for Poster (FontLab 8), Week 11 (08/11/2022)


After I'm satisfied with the font in FontLab 8, I followed the video provided and learn how to export it for us to download into our computer and use for poster making in Adobe Illustrator.

Figure 2.7 - Font Information, Week 11 (08/11/2022)



4. Poster

After the font has been downloaded, I instantly tried out a composition that I had in mind. To have that vision come to life, I first place it out and then further balance it out with a rectangle tool and make it spaced out equally. We are also required to have our credentials in Helvetica in a point size of 12 anywhere on the poster.

Figure 2.8 - Poster (Space Alignment), Week 11 (08/11/2022)

Figure 2.9 - Poster (Credential Placement), Week 11 (08/11/2022)

Figure 3.0 - Poster (Composition and Font Name), Week 11 (08/11/2022)

Different variations were created to further showcase the typeface design to highlight the craft of the font created. Both figures are great at capturing that but upon looking at it after it's been printed in A4 size, I like the final version of it because the counter-weight credits as suggested by my lecturer really do accentuate everything and it feels cohesive too.


Figure 3.1 - Variation #1, Week 12 (15/11/2022)

Figure 3.2 - Variation #2 (Final Variation), Week 12 (15/11/2022)



Final Work (Task 3: Type Design & Communication)

Font Download: 

- Favour.ttf 

Letterform in Baseline Grid:

Figure 3.3 - Final Task 3: Type Design and Communication "Favour" (JPEG), Week 12 (15/11/2022)

A4 Poster:


Figure 3.4 - "Favour" Poster (JPEG), Week 12 (15/11/2022)


Figure 3.5 - Final Task 3: Type Design & Communication "Favour" (Letterforms)
 - PDF, Week 12 (15/11/2022)

Figure 3.6 - Final Task 3: Type Design & Communication "Favour" (Poster)
- PDF, Week 12 (15/11/2022)




FEEDBACK

Week 7:

General Feedback: Ensure that we don't use an existing font as our main template when attempting to create your own fonts.

Specific Feedback: If Serifs-based fonts are your idea, ensuring that delicate research on the matter to ensure that the Serifs would work and seem balanced is highly important. A set of rules are required to follow when working with Serifs.

Week 10: 

General Feedback: Create basic structures of the letterforms as a reference before stylising them. Another healthy practice is constructing the letter 'o' and 'h' before starting any typeface design.

Specific Feedback: A very consistent typeface was created. Few tweaking such as making the Letter 'e' a little connected to have a flow. Punctuations need to be reworked and the vertical strokes of the hashtag should be thinner.

Week 11

General Feedback: Be mindful of the kerning and spacing or the side bearings that you can adjust in FontLab to ensure that the kerning between certain letters isn't too constricted or too spaced out. 

Specific Feedback: The typeface is consistent and uniform in style and stroke. The leg of the letters ‘y’ and ‘g’ is great. The only issue with it is crafting issues such as the curvatures of the letters could be smoothened out, and certain areas of the strokes such as in ‘y’ and ‘k’ could be a little thicker to show more technicality. Students also have the tendency to create the arm of the letter ‘r’ a little too long and it’s causing this awkward counter space that is not really pleasing to look at when compared to the other letterforms.

Week 12:

Specific Feedback: Try to focus on showing your crafts (typeface design) by making them bigger in the poster. Try out different weights/counter-weights to play around with the composition. 
[Work is shown, completed, and approved in class]



REFLECTION

Experience

This final task feels more different to me than our past activities. Those feel more connected with each other. However certain notable rules and principles of typography are being used derived from past exercises which is great because it challenges us to adapt to new applications of the rules to a then-foreign project for us. Having to work with multiple platforms at once is also a great opportunity for us students to expand our bits of knowledge.

Observations

I was also able to observe my own capability of doing typography now compared to the first few weeks of the semester. We were indeed able to look at the nuances of certain typeface designs out there to point out the good and the bad at a beginner's level as was promised by our lecturer. It is a rather interesting experience to have kickstarted this new skill set that would help me in this creative industry.

Findings

I found that creating your own typeface design requires delicate focus and it takes a lot of time in the pre-forming stage because without researching, your design can only go so far. It made me aware of how contrast in strokes makes a huge difference to your work when looking from afar or near. Another important thing is consistency, it determines how well your typeface design is because if it's not cohesive, then it is not a good design work.



FURTHER READING


This book taught me almost everything about font-making from the basics of explaining each principle and rule for typography to showcasing steps on Fontlab and other platforms on how to further digitalise our sketches into a real-working typeface design with a set of system and checkpoints to follow.

Apart from software tutorials and key principles and terms provided, they also provided interviews and question & answer sessions with typeface designers out there such as Stephen Rapp, Emily Conners, Jos Buivenga, Aaron Bell, and Sergiy Tkachenko.

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